Henry VIIIs later statements to the contrary, his marriage to Katharine began happily and continued so for some years. The Bishop of Rochester John Fisher is executed on the same charge. He had once served under Wolsey and knew More well. Henrys adult opponents were dead or driven abroad. Robert Bolt, A Man for All Seasons: A Play in Two Acts. In 1886, Margaret would be beatified by Pope Leo XIII as a martyr to Henrys regime. Henry was wise enough to state his case and let it go, for a little while at least. Neither Francis I of France nor the Emperor supported this effort and the English government tried to have Reginald assassinated. Hilary Mantelwasthe author of nine novels and three collections of short stories in addition to her prize-winning trilogy about Thomas Cromwell. As widows, or as deputies to living husbands, they handled complex legal and financial affairs with aplomb, while assenting outwardly at least to their status as irrational and inferior beings. Margaret Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury (14 August 1473 28 May 1541), also called Margaret Pole, as a result of her marriage to Sir Richard Pole, was the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III (all sons of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York), by his wife Isabel Neville. A painting in the National Portrait Gallery offers a grey-white face, long, guarded, medieval, remote: 'unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury'. Margaret Pole had connections to all manner of visitor attractions, including Farleigh Hungerford Castle, Somerset, where she was born,and the Tower of London. They married less than a month after Jane Colts death and More had to seek special dispensation from the church. He was no fool; he noted Wolseys great and increasingly ostentatious wealth. More would have to either acknowledge the kings spiritual supremacy and marriage to Anne Boleyn, or he would die. Apainting in the National Portrait Gallery offers a grey-white face, long, guarded, medieval, remote: unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury. In May 1515, More was sent to Bruges as part of a delegation arranged by Wolsey to revise an Anglo-Flemish commercial treaty. Biography of Anne Neville, Wife and Queen of Richard III of England, Biography of Elizabeth Woodville, Queen of England, Biography of Margaret of Anjou, Henry VI's Queen, Famous Mothers in History: Ancient Through Modern, M.Div., Meadville/Lombard Theological School, Father: George, Duke of Clarence, brother of king Edward IV and of Richard, Duke of Gloucester (later Richard III), Note: Cecily Neville, Margarets paternal grandmother, was a paternal aunt of Margarets maternal grandfather, Richard Neville. When Catherine of Aragon gave birth to a daughter, Mary, Margaret Pole was asked to be one of the godmothers. Margaret, warned of the threat he represented to her own interests and life, said: I trow he is not so unhappy that he will hurt his mother, and yet I care neither for him, nor for any other, for I am true to my Prince., At this point she was questioned rigorously by Henrys councillor William Fitzwilliam. Mr Buxton has returned to live quietly in Cranford following . Lewis, Jone Johnson. There are panel paintings of Pole in the following churches: There are stained glass windows of Pole in the following churches: On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Later that year, Reginald was summoned to Rome, made a cardinal and put in charge of organising a crusade against England economic sanctions first, war if need be. Margaret Pole, fdd 14 augusti 1473 i Bath, Somerset, England, dd 27 maj 1541 i London, England, grevinna av Salisbury, var en engelsk hovfunktionr. He was keenly interested in theology, but he was not ordained; he was free to marry if he wished, and propagate a Plantagenet family. (Along with Margaret her sister-in-law Eleanor Pole was also a lady-in-waiting to Katherine. Pope Paul III put him in charge of organising assistance for the Pilgrimage of Grace (and related movements). Margaret was perhaps guilty only by association, but at this distance it is impossible to tell. After his marriage to Anne Boleyn and the birth of their daughter, Elizabeth, Mary was sent to join the household of the infant princess. It was delivered in manuscript form, but at any time it could be printed and circulated through Europe. Cromwell was an astute politician whose beliefs changed at the whim of his royal master. Here is an excerpt from Chapter 7, "Unheard-Of Cruelty", describing the trial and execution of Sir Thomas More. Margaret reminded Reginald what they all owed to the Tudors, and urged him to give up his enterprise, to take another way and serve the king: his renegade actions, she said, had plunged her into grief and fear, and trust me, Reginald, there never went the death of thy father or of any child so nigh my heart. Thomas Cromwell, who spied efficiently on the whole family, tried to have Reginald abducted or assassinated. She was attended by servants and received an extensive grant of clothing in March 1541. For these reasons, More had no cause to suspect his monarch of anything less than fealty to their shared faith. His crusade against his native land was never launched, but many years later he would return, Archbishop of Canterbury to Mary Tudor, and join in heresy-hunting and the burning of reformers. Katheryn Howard was fortunate. (We should note, however, that More brilliant and perceptive was never especially comfortable in his kings good graces. To help with her financial situation, she gave one of her sons, Reginald, to the church. Her mother died after giving birth to a fourth child; that brother died ten days after their mother. Henry was able to play peacemaker. "Sir Thomas More: Biography, Facts and Information" https://englishhistory.net/tudor/citizens/sir-thomas-more/, February 22, 2015, You are here: Home Tudor Citizens Sir Thomas More: Biography, Facts and Information, Copyright 1999-2023 All Rights Reserved.English HistoryOther Sites: Make A Website Hub, The Right to Display Public Domain Images, Author & Reference Information For Students, Sir Thomas More: Biography, Facts and Information, https://englishhistory.net/tudor/citizens/sir-thomas-more/, House Of Tudor Genealogy Chart & Family Tree, Mary, Queen of Scots: Biography, Facts, Portraits & Information, Catherine Howard: Facts, Biography, Portraits & Information, Queen Elizabeth I: Biography, Facts, Portraits & Information, Jane Seymour Facts, Biography, Information & Portraits, Charles Brandon, duke of Suffolk and Princess Mary Tudor, Anne Boleyn Facts & Biography Of Information, Katherine Parr Facts, Information, Biography & Portraits, King Henry VIII Facts, Information, Biography & Portraits, Thomas Cromwell Facts & Biography Information, Mary Boleyn: Biography, Portrait, Facts & Information, Thomas Wolsey: Biography, Portrait, Facts & Information, Sir Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury (1563 1612). 1 Through his father he was descended from Edward III's son, Thomas of Woodstock, and his mother was Catherine Woodville, sister of Edward IV's queen, Elizabeth Woodville; she afterwards married Henry VII's uncle, Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford. Margaret is the main character of Samantha Wilcoxson's 2016 novel, Dwyer, J.G. Margaret Poles death, notoriously, was not a clean end. As his disgrace deepened, Margaret withdrew from court. Shortly thereafter, (probably in November 1487) Henry VII gave Margaret in marriage to his cousin, Sir Richard Pole, whose mother was a half-sister of the king's mother, Margaret Beaufort. He had been shut up for most of his life and, one later chronicler said, could not discern a goose from a capon. And he was a father who insisted his three daughters have the same education as his son. He returned to Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year. Unfortunately, Cardinal Wolsey was unable to secure an annulment for the king. His name was on the attainder and he was brought before the Privy Council in February 1534. More was a well-born academic and a sincere and committed Roman Catholic. Montagu, Exeter, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538. In Utopia, he identified himself as a citizen of London, and it was in London that he was born on 7 February 1477, the only surviving son of John More and his first wife, Agnes Graunger. Get the best results here. Towards the block I shall not go! Her daughter Ursula married the Duke of Buckingham's son, Henry Stafford, but after the Duke's fall, the couple were given only fragments of his estates. But literacy was their usual weapon, not spells, and many of them picked up enough legal knowledge to fight their corner in civil disputes. There have been rumors of an alleged relationship with Lady Margaret (see the White Queen series, for example). The reasons were various, but the most important was Katharines position as aunt to the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. Charles would not let his aunt be cast aside (he was also considering the dynastic appeal of her daughter with Henry), and he pressured the pope to deny Henrys petition. Columbus, Ohio Area. Ironically, it was his own honesty and probity which ensured his continued service to Henry. The bridegroom Arthur was dead within months. Then, in good faith, between your grace and me is but this, that I shall die today, and you tomorrow.. She served later as a governess to Mary. She spent much of her time at Warblington, where she was nicely placed, in the event of an invasion, to help the rebels against Henry; or so you thought, if you were one of Henrys councillors. Both Henry and Reginald Pole were attainted in 1539; Geoffrey was pardoned. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. It seems Margaret was questioned about her contacts with Barton, but she came to no harm as a result and, unlike Gertrude, she escaped without grovelling. She was executed in 1541, the act of attainder rendering a trial unnecessary. Margaret was one of just two women in 16th-century England to be a peeress in her own right (suo jure) without a husband in the House of Lords. The honor was tremendous; notably, More was the first layman to hold the office. His position at court meant that he was to be the kings advocate before parliament. Read More. On May 27th 1541, Margaret Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Tower of London. She was married to James IV of Scotland from 1503-1513, which united the royal houses of England and Scotland. There is an apocryphal story that Morton predicted his bright and lively page would grow into a marvelous man. In 1509, when Henry VIII came to the throne after his fathers death, he married his brothers widow, Catherine of Aragon. Katharine was the kings true wife. Chapuys wrote two weeks after the execution that one hundred and fifty witnesses were present for the execution, including the Lord Mayor of London. He died young (about 1526) having married the heir of Roger Lewknor. But not your principles. His desire for an annulment was now not merely to secure a legitimate heir; it was also spurred by his desire to marry Anne. Margaret Pole, Tudor Matriarch and Martyr. It was the Act of Succession, passed the following month, that sealed his fate. Afterwards, More's head was displayed on a pike at London Bridge for a month. But Margaret kept any dissident thoughts to herself, avoiding jeopardy until, in the summer of 1536, the actions of her son Reginald plunged her whole family into trouble. What a contemporary described as her nobility and goodness soon put her back in royal favour. Mores eldest daughter Margaret would become the first non-royal Englishwoman to publish a work in translation. Most aristocratic women outlived their husbands, and once a woman was widowed she was able to assert her independence and have a say in her family affairs, while cultivating the trope of the defenceless widow in any dealings with the authorities. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. London Review of Books The picture was cleaned in 1973, and study suggested that some original features have almost vanished. She was now one of the richest people in England. Yet even as his legal future seemed assured, More was deeply conflicted about his future. Margaret was a daughter of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville. 83 ratings9 reviews. The eldest daughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, Margaret was the sister of Henry VIII. ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618. We can't imagine how Margaret was feeling, she was 65 years of age when brought to the tower in 1539, an advanced age by the standards of the day. But and of course this clause was added simply to trap More the Act also required a repudiation of any foreign authority, prince or potentate. More could recognize Anne as the crowned queen of England. Margaret's mother died when she was three; her father had two servants killed when he thought they had poisoned her. London Review of Books, In The Kings Curse (2014) she was ground up by the great fictionalising machine that is Philippa Gregory, and in 2003 she was the subject of a major biography by Hazel Pierce: Margaret Pole: Loyalty, Lineage and Leadership. Here's how the cast of The Spanish Princess compares to their real-life counterparts, from Catherine to Margaret Pole. The Imperial Ambassador, Eustace Chapuys, suggested two years later that Mary be handed over to Margaret, but Henry refused, calling her "a fool, of no experience". She held a noble title in her own right, and controlled great wealth, after she was restored to favor during the reign of Henry VIII but she became embroiled in the religious controversy over his split with Rome and was executed on Henrys orders. As part of the investigations into the so-called Exeter Conspiracy, Geoffrey Pole was arrested in August 1538. Inventories paint the picture: tableware of silver and gold, Venetian glass, mother-of-pearl, tapestries portraying the journeys of Ulysses and the discovery of Newfoundland; the countess herself, tall, stately, wears ermine, tawny damask, black satin and black velvet. He was knighted in 1521, became speaker of the House of Commons in 1523, and earned the title of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. Mores letters indicate that he was not particularly keen to enter royal service. For Maid star Margaret Qualley, her job was all about building a relationship with child actor Rylea Nevaeh Whittet and making her feel safe on the set of the Netflix series that delves into . Margaret Pole was born about four years after her parents had married, and was the first child born after the couple lost their first child on board a ship fleeing to France during the Wars of the Roses. After Henry's second wife, Anne Boleyn, was arrested, and eventually executed, Margaret was permitted to return to Court, albeit briefly. Six months later, Cromwell produced a tunic marked with the wounds of Christ, claiming it had been found in that search, and used that to arrest Margaret, though most doubt that. He wore many hats: chief diplomat, speechwriter, advisor. But if the great Sir Thomas More believed the king to be wrong? https://www.thoughtco.com/margaret-pole-tudor-matriarch-and-martyr-3530618 (accessed March 1, 2023). An Exclusive First Look at Laura Carmichael as Maggie Pole in the Series Finale of The Spanish Princess Watch as she confronts Sir Thomas More. He dictated letter after letter. As the heir to the throne, Mary enjoyed a separate household, and in 1525 she was sent to Ludlow to hold court. In 1512, Parliament, with Henrys assent, restored to her some of the lands that had been held by Henry VII for her brother while he was imprisoned, and then had been confiscated when he was executed. After Richard was killed, Margaret came to court under the new regime, and in September 1486 she attended the christening of Arthur, the first Tudor prince. She began to write for the. In 1537, after the split from the Roman Catholic Church proclaimed by Henry VIII, Pope Paul II created Reginald Pole who, though he had studied theology extensively and served the church, had not been ordained a priest Archbishop of Canterbury, and assigned Pole to organize efforts to replace Henry VIII with a Roman Catholic government. Following Richard's death in 1504, Margaret no longer had the fortune to support. Reginald was present at the treaty negotiations. St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Bridge Gate, Derby, Our Lady and the English Martyrs' church in Cambridge. Because of this, she becomes an unprovoked target for the King's anger. His work at Bruges and, later, Calais, as well as his continuing duties as undersheriff in London, were clear evidence of his skill and popularity. And so, when More returned from a diplomatic mission to France in summer 1527, the king laid the open Bible before his favorite councilor. He later studied at . Elizabeth Darrell, later Thomas Wyatts mistress, refused the oath; Lady Hussey, wife of one of Marys household, was imprisoned because she would not accept Marys exclusion from the succession and insisted on addressing her as a princess. Margaret is a devout Catholic and a member of the House of York, which fought Henry's father during the War of the Roses; she is first cousin of Henry's mother Queen Elizabeth of York through her father George Plantagenet, Elizabeth's uncle and the brother of Edward IV. Margaret Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury (14 August 1473 - 28 May 1541), also called Margaret Pole, as a result of her marriage to Sir Richard Pole, was the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III (all sons of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York ), by his wife Isabel . (1) He collected books and rare objects, but he gave away his possessions freely as well. She is the daughter of a duke and the niece of two kings, Edward IV and Richard III. She was a decade and a half younger than he was, and he never seems to have felt anything more than a brotherly affection for her. Quite the opposite. This phrase has been interpreted as meaning Edward was of low intelligence; it only means that he was unworldly, and Higginbotham sees this. And the king was not pleased with the young lawyer; he promptly imprisoned Mores father in the Tower until he paid a substantial fine. If, however, the subject lives a life of great extravagance, tell him he, too, can afford to give largely, the proof of his opulence being evident in his expenditure.. But Lord Montagu attended Annes coronation as he would later attend her trial. This was not, as some say, Cratwell, who had himself been executed three years earlier, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Church of Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessed Margaret Pole, "Unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Plantagenet , Countess of Salisbury National Portrait Gallery", "The Execution of Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "1541: Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury", "Pole, Margaret, suo jure countess of Salisbury (14731541), noblewoman", "Margaret Plantagenet, Lady Pole & Countess of Salisbury (14731541)", "Our Lady Queen of Peace & Blessd Margaret Pole, Southbourne", The Tragical History of King Richard the Third, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Pole,_Countess_of_Salisbury&oldid=1140799395, People convicted under a bill of attainder, People executed by Tudor England by decapitation, People executed under the Tudors for treason against England, Burials at the Church of St Peter ad Vincula, Governesses to the English Royal Household, Hereditary peeresses created by Henry VIII, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from February 2023, Articles needing expert attention from June 2022, Miscellaneous articles needing expert attention, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, English Martyrs Church, Preston (she is on the right. 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